showing the types of transistor, very important to engineer student

introduction:

A transistor is a semiconductor device that is used to amplify or switch electrical signals and power. The transistor is a fundamental component of contemporary electronics. It is typically made of semiconductor material and has at least three terminals for connecting to an electronic circuit. A voltage or current supplied to one pair of terminals of the transistor regulates the current through another set of terminals. A transistor can magnify a signal because the regulated (output) power can be greater than the controlling (input) power. Although some transistors are packed separately, many more are found embedded in integrated circuits.

types of transistor:

There are countless of various kinds. Low, medium, and high power transistors are available for use with high and low frequencies, as well as extremely high current and/or high voltages. This page describes what a transistor is, the many varieties of transistors, and their applications. BJTs and FETs are the two main kinds of transistors.

BJT “bipolar junction transistor”

 Transistors are made up of three regions: the base, the collector, and the emitter. Bipolar Junction transistors, which are similar to FET transistors, are current-controlled devices. A tiny current flowing into the transistor's base area causes a significantly bigger current to flow from the emitter to the collector region. Bipolar junction transistors are classified into two types: NPN and PNP. The bulk of the current carriers in an NPN transistor are electrons.

FET (Field Effect Transistor):

Field Effect Transistors are formed by three regions, a gate, a source, and a drain. FETs are voltage-controlled devices that differ from bipolar transistors. A voltage applied to the transistor's gate regulates current flow from the source to the drain. Field Effect transistors have extremely high input impedances, ranging from several mega ohms (M) to much, much higher values.Because of their high input impedance, they receive relatively little current. (According to Ohm's law, the current is inversely proportional to the value of the circuit's impedance. The current is extremely low when the impedance is high.) As a result, FETs take extremely little current from the power supply of a circuit.

JFETs and MOSFETs are the two primary varieties of Field Effect Transistors. JFETs and MOSFETs have extremely similar characteristics, although MOSFETs have greater input impedance values than JFETs. This results in even reduced circuit burden. FET transistors are divided into two types: JFET and MOSFET.

JFET:

JFET is an abbreviation for Junction-Field-Effect transistor. This is a basic and early form of FET transistor that is used in resistors, amplifiers, switches, and so on. This gadget is voltage-controlled and does not utilize any biasing current. When a voltage is put between the gate and source terminals, it regulates the current flow between the source and drain of the JFET transistor.

MOSFET:

MOSFET refers to Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor. Among all types of transistors, the transistor is the most commonly used. It contains the terminal of the metal gate, as the name implies. This transistor has four terminals: source, drain, gate, and substrate (or body).

MOSFETs have various advantages over BJTs and JFETs since they have a high i/p impedance and a low o/p impedance. MOSFETs are primarily employed in low-power circuits, particularly when developing chips. These transistors are classified into two types: depletion and enhancement. These kinds are further classified as P-channel and N-channel.