Learn about remote sensing technology

Remote sensing science 

:  Introduction 

There are several definitions of remote sensing
Remote sensing is the art of obtaining data and information about phenomena, objectives and terrestrial resources without direct contact with any of them. Some see it as art, science and technology, and Ms. Evelyn Pruitt was the first to use the term 

 remote sensing in the year 1950 AD 

Types of remote sensing
Sensing can be done through a camera installed on the plane (aerial photography), and specific areas of the earth’s surface are photographed. In this case, the photography is through the atmosphere without direct contact with the phenomena on the earth’s surface. Study these terrestrial phenomena and identify their characteristics.

Remote sensing can also be done through satellites that receive electromagnetic energy reflected from phenomena, and each phenomenon has a value that is processed to obtain satellite visuals.
That is, the satellite visuals and aerial images are a product of the remotely sensed data process. It is worth mentioning that aerial photography came first, then satellites (space visuals).

General components of the remote sensing process 

The sun is the main source of radiation and the satellite contains a sensor that captures and records the electromagnetic rays reflected from the earth's surface and sends digital data to the ground receiving station
Through the sun's rays that absorb the phenomena on the surface of the earth, and the satellite starts through the presence of (sensor - sensor) absorbs this energy and then sends it to the ground treatment stations until it begins to process it and gives the satellite visuals as final outputs of the remote sensing process
That is, the ingredients
First (the source of energy, whether natural such as the sun or an industrial source)
Secondly, a satellite that has a sensor or sensor to sense the amount of energy reflected by phenomena
Third (sending the satellite data to a ground receiving station until the processing is done to get the final output i.e. the satellite visual)

Satellite visuals and aerial photos are among the most important sources of spatial data on which various geographical studies depend

 

Science closely related to remote sensing

As part of the process of developing and collecting data (physical sciences - mathematical sciences - engineering sciences - astronomical sciences - meteorology)
Within the framework of the data analysis process (geographical sciences - geosciences - agricultural sciences - environmental tops)
Therefore, remote sensing is the product of an academic hybridization process

 

Classification of remote sensing (based on the energy source used and technological properties) into two types

. Passive sensing (inactive): This type depends on an external source of energy (solar energy) and records the electromagnetic energy reflected from the surface of the earth and then sends it to the ground receiving stations in the form of digital files with varying accuracy and clarity

secondly. Positive (active) sensing: This type does not depend on the sun as a source of energy. The radar devices on the air and judicial platforms generate a beam of electromagnetic rays and then send them towards the surface of the Earth in the form of pulses and then the rays, treat them and then send them to the ground receiving stations. Night photography, but it is more expensive

Other models of active sensing:
Leader system
This system relies on aircraft or space platforms that send beams of light from lasers and receive them again

Sonar system This system relies on sound waves and is widely used in surveying the bottoms of the seas and oceans in order to identify the topography, topography and their resources, that is, it is a special system for water bodies